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Timelines · Engines

Ten engines that changed everything.

One machine per turning point, told like the cars and the aircraft: the story, why it mattered, and its physics running live — from Otto’s first four strokes to the motor that made them optional.

  1. 18761876

    Otto’s silent engine

    The engine that learned to squeeze before it burns — every petrol engine since runs Otto’s four strokes.

  2. 18971897

    Diesel’s rational engine

    The engine designed on paper first — squeeze air until it glows, and the spark becomes unnecessary.

  3. 19081908

    Ford Model T engine

    Twenty forgiving horsepower cast as one cheap block — the engine that put the world on wheels.

  4. 19361936

    Rolls-Royce Merlin

    Twenty-seven litres that grew from 1,030 to over 2,000 horsepower — by learning to breathe where the air runs out.

  5. 19381938

    VW flat-four

    Two pairs of pistons punching in opposition — self-balancing, air-cooled, and built twenty-one million times.

  6. 19551955

    Chevrolet small-block V8

    Eight cylinders in the length of six, cheap enough for everyone — and the sound America runs on.

  7. 19671967

    NSU/Mazda Wankel

    A spinning triangle instead of pistons — two moving parts doing all four strokes at once.

  8. 19891989

    Honda VTEC (B16A)

    Two camshafts in one — a mild cam for the school run and a wild one that arrives at 5,500 rpm.

  9. 19971997

    Toyota Prius (THS)

    A petrol engine and two motor-generators blended through one planetary gear — a computer picks the mix every millisecond.

  10. 20122012

    Tesla Model S drive unit

    An idea older than the petrol engine — the rotating magnetic field — finally gets its battery.